Al-Baqarah 178: Oh you who believe! For the ones who were killed intentionally, retribution has been made obligatory upon you; for a free individual, a free individual, for a slave, a slave and for a woman, a woman. If the close relative/custodian of the killed one forgives (the killer and the retribution is alleviated), he should be paid an (appropriate) amount with goodness. This act of accepting an amount in return is an alleviation and mercy from your Lord. Whoever engages in animosity with the murderer or his relatives after accepting an amount, for him there will be a severe punishment in the hereafter.
Contents
Explanation
Translation
Oh you who believe! For the ones who were killed intentionally, retribution has been made obligatory upon you; for a free individual, a free individual, for a slave, a slave and for a woman, a woman. If the close relative/custodian of the killed one forgives (the killer and the retribution is alleviated), he should be paid an (appropriate) amount with goodness. This act of accepting an amount in return is an alleviation and mercy from your Lord. Whoever engages in animosity with the murderer or his relatives after accepting an amount, for him there will be a severe punishment in the hereafter.
Tafsir
Allah (swt) shows with this verse how much He values the rights and law of people and how much He values human beings. According to Islamic law, it is not possible for a person to kill another person. In the event of a killing, it is determined for what reason the person who killed the person killed the person, and the punishment is given accordingly in Islamic law.
There are many conditions for the occurrence of retaliation. These are written in the fiqh. They can be consulted from there when necessary. Here we will focus on the main fundamentals.
1- The killer must not be insane or dead.
2- Killing that is done with a rational and conscious mind.
3- The murderer must be a Muslim and the deceased must not be a non-Muslim, and if the murderer is free and the deceased is a slave, then the diet is required.
4- The murderer must not be a relative of the deceased, i.e. not his father or grandfather.
5- The guardian of the deceased should demand retaliation against the murderer. Because he is the heir of the dead.
6- There should be no agreement between the heirs of the deceased and the murderer. If an agreement has been made with one of the heirs, the retaliation is dropped.
7- The heirs of the deceased must be known, otherwise there will be no retaliation.
(O you who believe, retaliation has been made obligatory on you for those who have been killed.) The verse explains the value that Allah (swt) attaches to the rights and law of people, especially the most precious life, with the verse of retaliation. So whoever kills a human being, that human being will himself be killed.
The guilt of the murderer is only given by the guardian of the murdered person. Because the right over the deceased belongs only to the guardian of the deceased. No one has the authority to decide about the murderer except his guardian.
In this case, when Allah (swt) declares in the verse that the person who kills will also be killed, the fact that the person who intends to kill will also lose his own life may deter the person who intends to kill from killing the person he intends to kill, as Allah (swt) declares in the verse that the person who kills will also be killed. In this respect, since retaliation is a deterrent, Allah (swt) has ordered retaliation and placed great value on human life.
This situation was underestimated in the civil code, and the punishment given to the murderer was mitigated with amnesties, and the current situation has emerged. The mentality that I can kill a man, serve five or ten years and get out has emerged. In order for the law to have a deterrent effect on people in terms of the safety of life, it should be more authoritative and the decision about the deceased should rest with the person who is the guardian of the deceased.
If the murderer is not forgiven by the parents of the deceased, the murderer will be put to qisas. In other words, he will be killed. This killing is carried out by beheading him with a sharp sword.
A free man and a free man, a slave and a slave, and a woman and a woman are subject to retaliation. No one is to be put to retaliation on behalf of another person for his life. But if, by the mercy of Allah, the family of the deceased is given a diet and the retaliation is reduced, this is a mercy for you from your Lord.
The guardian of the deceased should take a diet from the person who killed him, and this diet should be handed over to the guardian of the deceased, but not more than what is customary for the person who killed him.
The murderer should pay this dowry with sweet words to the parents of the deceased. This is Allah's mercy on us.
Whoever, after receiving the diet, makes enmity with the murderer or the murderer's relatives, and commits aggression, for him there will be a painful torment in the Hereafter. If a person makes an agreement and receives a diet from the other party as a result of this agreement, and then does not keep his word, and in disregard of the verse of Allah (swt), he takes the lives of people and rapes them with a sense of revenge on the part of the murderer, there will be a great punishment for such people in the Hereafter. When Muslims are faithful to their promises, people's love for one another grows in their hearts.
After such exchanges, the feelings of revenge in people's hearts are extinguished and Allah (swt) places in their hearts the bonds of love for each other. This is because of their love for Allah (swt) and their loyalty to the Ayat of their Lord.
Those who go beyond the Verses of Allah, and do not judge by them, are engaged in blood feuds with each other and kill innocent people. These are the people who go too far in oppression and commit injustice. Sometimes they even go to such extremes that tribes or clans fight each other to take revenge on each other until they destroy each other. These are the thoughts and beliefs of the age of ignorance before Islam. Allah (swt) has enlightened the paths of those who pursued such vendettas, eliminated them with His verses, and showed people justice and ways of life.
What is said in the video
To Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 178.
In this verse Allah Almighty addresses those who believe, those who believe. Sometimes He addresses people with yâ eyyühe'n-nâs. Sometimes believing men, sometimes believing women, sometimes those who believe, and here, yâ eyyühe'llezîne âmenû, O you who believe, for those who have been killed, retaliation has been prescribed for you, for those who have been killed. Free for free, slave for slave, woman for woman, retaliation is applied. If something is forgiven in favor of the killer by the brother of the one killed, and retaliation is dropped, the guardian of the dead should take blood money according to custom, not exceeding his right.
And the killer should pay the guardian of the slain the blood money due in a good manner pay. So forgiving in this way and taking blood money is from your Lord a lightening and a mercy for you. Why? As for killing, it says kill, retaliation; and then Allah Almighty says to the killer, pay blood money and be saved. What is the reason?
Because man is created deficient in reason, he suddenly gets angry and, unwillingly, commits an act. He does a bad thing. He kills a person. So because of his deficient creation, because of the mistake that person made, He gives the right of retaliation to the owner of the dead. Do it, He says, retaliation, kill him. So that others too do not suddenly get angry like this and kill people. That is, so he takes a little care of himself, of the characters He gave. In this case, the way of forgiveness is more for a person; in Allah's sight it grants rank, the way of forgiveness. What does it say? If I have forgiven you, you killed my brother, you killed my father, you killed my mother, whatever; if you killed, I forgive you; the moment I forgive, to the side of the dead a blood money is paid.
Blood money; he will pay this. Whoever breaks the agreement after this blood money is given, that side is guilty. For example, you killed my father, I forgave you, you gave me blood money, I took the blood money, then I killed you. Retaliation is due on me. Now I am the guilty one. Because I broke the agreement. Yes, he should pay it in a good manner. So forgiving in this way and taking blood money is from your Lord a lightening and a mercy for you. Whoever, after this forgiving and taking of blood money, commits aggression against the killer or the killer's relatives out of enmity, for him there is a very painful punishment in the Hereafter, it says.
Yes.
Allah Almighty with this verse shows how much He values people's rights and laws, and people, He shows. According to Islamic law it is not possible for a person to kill a person. Because it is never possible for a believer to kill a believer, it says. It can only happen by accident, it says.
So according to Islamic law it is not possible. That is, according to Allah's command. If a killing occurs, why the person who killed killed the person is established, and in Islamic law the punishment is given accordingly. Here now, his being killed is not decided suddenly either. Now we read this. For retaliation to be able to (?), there are many conditions. These conditions are written in fiqh.
When needed, one looks there. Here we will dwell on the main foundations. The main foundations. One, the killer must not have gone insane or died. The killer must not have died, (?) there be retaliation. And he must not have gone insane. That is, a madman, any such thing. What a madman does has no penalty in the (?) law code either, right. A killing done by someone of sound mind and age and consciously. These will be established. The killer a Muslim, the dead one must not be a non-Muslim. And if the killer is free and the dead one a slave, blood money is due for this. What is it, then?
If the killer is free and the dead one a slave, blood money is due for this. Blood money is given for the slave.
The killer must not be a close relative of the dead, must not be a close relative, that is, must not be his father or grandfather. Little permission is given for this either. The guardian of the dead must request retaliation against the killer, because he is the heir of the dead. Sixth, the killer must not have made an agreement with any of the heirs of the dead. With the heirs of the dead. If an agreement has been made with one of the heirs, retaliation falls away.
The heirs of the dead must be known, otherwise retaliation is not carried out. O you who believe, retaliation has been prescribed for you for those who have been killed. According to the verse, the value Allah Almighty gives to people's rights and laws, above all to their most precious, their life, He explains with the verse of retaliation. That is, whoever kills a person, that person himself is also killed.
The killer's sentence can only be given by the guardian of the person killed.
No one other than the guardian can make a decision about the killer. Because the right over the dead belongs only to the guardian of the dead. Apart from his guardian, no one has the authority to decide about the killer. In this case, with the verse retaliation has been prescribed for you, by Allah Almighty making known in the verse that the killer himself will also be killed, the person intending to kill realizing that he too will lose his own life may dissuade the person about to kill from killing the one he intends to kill. That is why the verse says so, after all. To give life to people. In this respect, since retaliation is a deterrent, Allah Almighty has commanded retaliation and given great value to human life.
In civil law this matter has been taken lightly; the penalties given to the killer were reduced, and today's situation has emerged. The mentality of I'll kill the man, serve five or ten years and get out has appeared. For laws to have a deterrent effect on people regarding the safety of their lives, they must be more authoritative. And the decision about the dead should belong to the one who is his guardian. If the person who killed, that is, the killer, is not forgiven by the guardian of the dead, the killer is subjected to retaliation. That is, he too is killed. This killing is carried out by striking off the neck with a sharp sword.
They bring the person, the killer, out.
The executioner stands over him, a sword in his hand.
He too is in a bowed position.
His crime is read out. People listen to the crime.
His guardian, scissors in hand, the guardian of the dead, scissors in hand, comes, and if he cuts a piece of the hair of the dead, that means he has forgiven him. Then the person to be executed must pay blood money to the family of the dead. If the guardian raises his hand and gives the sign for retaliation, they kill him there. So this is the symbol of a fine value given to human life. It is not desert law. Today, calling it desert law, destroy people, treat their lives as nothing, their lives, their children, let me tell you, destroy. And then, in the era of civil law, release that killer free after 3-5 years, off he goes.
Whom are you fooling? Yes, in this case, with the verse retaliation has been prescribed for you, by Allah Almighty making known in the verse that the killer himself will also be killed, the person intending to kill realizing that he too will lose his own life may dissuade the person about to kill from killing the one he intends to kill. In this respect, since retaliation is a deterrent, Allah Almighty has commanded retaliation and given great value to human life. In civil law this matter has been taken lightly; the penalties given to the killer were reduced, and today's situation has emerged. The mentality of I'll kill the man, serve 5-10 years and get out has appeared.
For laws to have a deterrent effect on people regarding the safety of their lives, they must be more authoritative. And the decision about the dead should belong to the person, the one who is his guardian.
If the person who killed, that is, the killer, is not forgiven by the guardian of the dead, the killer is subjected to retaliation. That is, he too is killed. This killing is carried out by striking off the neck with a sharp sword. At that moment the person doing the killing may lash out left and right.
Two soldiers stand ready beside the person who will do the killing. Because at the moment he kills, the person too may have a disturbance of his state of mind. When he strikes that sword blow and takes the killer's head, the soldiers immediately take the sword from that man's hand.
Free for free, slave for slave, woman for woman, retaliation is applied. No one is subjected to retaliation in place of anyone else as the price of a life. But if, because of Allah Almighty's mercy, blood money is given to the family of the dead side and retaliation is dropped, this is a mercy to you from your Lord, He says. Some blood money should be taken from the killer by the guardian of the dead, and this blood money, according to custom and tradition, not excessive for the killer, should be handed over to the guardian of the dead. What is this? In Saudi Arabia it is 24 thousand riyals. The killer will give 24 thousand riyals.
That is, 1 riyal in our money right now is 3.5 lira. 35 kuruş, that is, 8 thousand lira. Since this was little, they raised it to 100 thousand riyals.
It comes to 35 billion. It corresponds to 35 billion. It corresponds to 35 billion. Yes. It isn't much money for a killer. 35 billion, 30 billion, it isn't much money.
Of course, you don't kill a person with money, mind you; his owner can kill you. If he forgives you, you too pay him an amount, in a way that Allah Almighty will not (?) His judgment upon you, on condition it is not excessive. And that, under today's law in lands governed by sharia rule, is a hundred thousand riyals.
If I'm not mistaken, unless it has changed, of course.
And the person who is the killer should pay blood money to the guardian of the dead with kind words; this is Allah's mercy upon us. Whoever, after this taking of blood money, with the killer or the killer's relatives acts in enmity and commits aggression, for him there is a very painful punishment in the Hereafter, He says. A person agrees, as a result of this agreement takes blood money from the other side, then gets up and is not faithful to his word. Disregarding Allah Almighty's verse too, out of a feeling of revenge against the killer's side he takes people's lives, commits aggression against them; for such people there is a great punishment in the Hereafter.
By Muslims being faithful to their word, in people's hearts their love for one another grows.
After such dealings between people, the feelings of revenge in their hearts die out. Allah Almighty places in their hearts bonds of love for one another. The reason it is so is both sides' love for Allah Almighty and their faithfulness to their Lord's verse.
Those who go outside Allah's verses, who are not ruled by them, flare up in blood feuds with one another and take the lives of innocent people. These are people who go far in oppression and do injustice. They even sometimes transgress so much that tribes or clans, to take revenge on one another, fight until they destroy one another. These are the thoughts and beliefs of the age of ignorance that lived before Islam. In this way, Allah Almighty illuminated the paths of those who pursue blood feuds in this way, abolished it with His verse, and showed people justice and the ways of living.