At-Tawbah 112: (The ones who made this trade are) the ones who repent, who worship, who show gratefulness, who fast, who bow down, who prostrate, who order the good and prevent the bad and who protect the boundaries of Allah. Give glad tidings to those mu’min.
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Explanation
Translation
(The ones who made this trade are) the ones who repent, who worship, who show gratefulness, who fast, who bow down, who prostrate, who order the good and prevent the bad and who protect the boundaries of Allah. Give glad tidings to those mu’min.
Tafsir
He gives glad tidings to those who buy Paradise with their property, their lives, and their worship, and who make a bargain with Allah (swt) in exchange for Paradise, by obeying and worshipping the Essence of Allah (swt), and He informs who such people are.
These are those who worship, praise, fast, bow and prostrate themselves in prayer, enjoin good and prevent evil, and guard Allah's boundaries. If all of these qualities are found in one person, these are the people who have made an exchange with Allah for Paradise. These are the ones who will be glad tidings. Otherwise, they are not Muslims who have Islam but have done some of these things and not others. There are people who fulfill one or two of these qualities and do not care about the others. The acts of worship that they do not perform within their negligence, the nafs in their nafs, and the masivalâr (evil deeds) in their nafs are not reformed, so their nafs cannot find perfection. The one whose nafs is not perfected cannot receive the good news of Paradise, which is the exchange with Allahu ta'âlâ and its reward.
A person who is practicing the above-mentioned types of worship is automatically freed from the asiyas in his nafs (soul). This person's nafs is perfected. A person whose soul is perfected is a believer. It is the believers who are blessed with the good news of Paradise. We have explained who the believers are in our previous lessons. We do not see the need to explain it again here.
Allah (swt) has listed the qualities that will bring the human soul to perfection, just as a key unlocks a lock or a combination lock unlocks the lock by combining the codes, and Allah (swt) has listed the qualities that will bring the human soul to perfection. When people are judged with all of these traits, they hope that they will qualify as believers, and since believers do not fall into the Nafs Ummah or leave Islam, they hope that with these traits during their lifetime, they will be heralded with the good news of Paradise according to this verse.
If we talk a little bit about the characteristics of these people, the worshippers praise and thank Allah and His Messenger by strictly following the Islamic creed and the commands of the Islamic Shari'ah. In wealth and poverty, they embrace the causes, take precautions and leave the discretion to Allah. They accept what comes from Allah and do not complain about their situation. In any case, those who are pleased with Allah are those who are content with Him. They know that as long as they live, Allah guarantees their sustenance. They are always in praise and thanksgiving to Allah (swt).
Those who are fasting: Fasting is a form of worship, which is a form of struggle against the masivas of the human nafs. They break the desires and wishes of the nafs for the sake of Allah by giving what the nafs desires as much as it needs, knowing that too much will bring harm to the nafs. They maintain the limits of Allah's Shari'ah rulings on them and fast outside of the obligatory fast of Ramadan, by adhering to the Sunnah to reform their nafs. By trying to reform their nafs, they try to gain the pleasure of Allah by getting rid of the unnecessary. Those who bow and prostrate; these are the ones who do not abandon the five daily prayers that Allah has placed upon mankind. When they perform one prayer, they prepare for the next prayer. When the Prophet (PBUH) was visiting Paradise on the miraj, he saw large pavilions and asked the attendant next to him, "Which Prophets' pavilions are these? The attendant next to him replies. These pavilions are not the pavilions of the Prophets, O RasulAllah. These are the pavilions of three classes of believers from your Ummah.
The first is those who, when they pray one prayer, prepare for the next prayer. The second is the one who performs ablution all the time, summer and winter, hot and cold, and the third is the one who performs night prayers at night, abandoning sleep and comfort, hot and cold.
The virtue of prayer is very great. In this respect, prayer is the pillar of religion. Without prayer, a person cannot easily reach anywhere. Because prayer is the pilgrimage of Muslims who are in the presence of Allah. As long as a person prays, he prays knowing that he is in the presence of Allah, and in the intervals between prayers, if he behaves in a way that is worthy of prayer, his heart will be cleansed of the impurities in it. They are also forgiven for the sins they committed between the two prayers.
Those who enjoin good and prevent evil; Allah (swt) enjoins emri bil maruf in His verse. According to this verse, it is the people who make amends between people, who prevent their evil deeds, who stand against those who would create mischief in the land, who command goodness to people, and who are judged by the Verses of Allah.
And those who guard the boundaries of Allah, who consider what Allah has made lawful lawful and what Allah has made unlawful unlawful, and who abstain from the commands and prohibitions of Allah in the Shari'ah, and who seek Allah's pleasure by guarding themselves from sin and adorning themselves with piety in what Allah has made lawful.
These are the people who, when they reform their souls with all of these qualities together, they are the people who make us say, "Here is a human being". These are the believers. They hope that they will be blessed with the good news of paradise.
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Surah At-Tawbah, verse 112. Those who make this trade:
those who repent, those who worship, those who praise, those who fast, those who bow, those who prostrate, listen well, how beautifully Allah Almighty describes the prayer. Look, those who make this trade, He says. Those who repent. Since He created people deficient in intellect, people knowingly or unknowingly commit sins. So, knowing his helplessness, raising his hand to Allah, palm and all: "O my great Allah. I have had no door to enter other than You. I have taken no god other than You. I have turned my face to none other than You. I erred. Forgive me" — when he says this, when he repents, Allah Almighty — for one who repents like this with a (?) heart, it is impossible that He would not accept his repentance.
Those who worship. Every kind of worship. Such as? Worship with money. Helping the poor and needy. Well, doing good to people. Striving in jihad in the way of Allah. Praying, fasting, giving zakat. That is, those who worship. Those who praise, that is, those who give thanks to Allah Almighty. The blessings Allah has given —
that no one but Allah offers these to him, that the owner of all creation from atom to globe is Allah — and by accepting what comes from Allah, being patient with what He gives, giving thanks to Allah: those who praise Allah. Those who fast: to remove the unruliness of their own nafs for Allah, to rein in their nafs-driven feelings, to earn their Lord's pleasure — those who fast; those who bow in prayer, who bow their necks to Allah in ruku; those who prostrate, who fall into prostration; who enjoin good and forbid evil, who practice emr-i bil maruf, and who guard the limits of Allah. How beautifully He describes it here.
Allah — the deeds a Muslim is to do. Give glad tidings to those believers, He says. So these are the believers. These are the believers.
All of these must come together in one person. They repent, but don't worship. Don't praise. (?) (?) Fasts, but is not among those who bow. Doesn't enjoin good. (?) It's not like that. All of this must be in one person. Those who repent, those who worship, those who praise, those who fast, those who bow, those who prostrate, those who enjoin good and forbid evil, and who guard the limits of Allah. We will give glad tidings to those believers. Yes. Those who make this trade — whose is this trade, what is this trade? Those who buy Paradise in return for their lives and wealth. Yes. Paradise is bought with wealth and lives.
Here our picture sometimes freezes. I don't know — is it freezing now too?
Yes.
Those who, by obeying and worshipping Allah Almighty Himself, trade with Allah Almighty in return for Paradise — giving glad tidings to those who, with their wealth and lives, perform worship and buy Paradise, Allah Almighty lists here who they are, makes it known. Who they are.
These acts of worship that weigh on the human nafs — in the world, of his earnings, perhaps they provide a person a gain in Allah's sight; in this case, since the nafs in no way wants him to advance on Allah's path, to a person — to a person who cannot reform his nafs — these weigh heavily. Yet the greatest gain, the greatest you will take to the Hereafter, load of reward, is these. These are those who worship, who praise, who fast, who bow and prostrate, that is, who pray, who enjoin good and forbid evil, and who guard the limits of Allah. What are the limits of Allah?
He will not deal with interest. He will not (?) the vice of adultery. He will not disobey his mother and father.
Well, he will stay away from traits like alcohol and gambling. A person will not be like the people of Lot, like homosexuals. That is, he will stay away from what Allah has forbidden. And he will forbid people from evil and command the good. If all these traits are found together in one person, these are people who, in return for Paradise, have made a trade with Allah. Yes. All of it must be found in one person. Now, accordingly, a person measures himself millimeter by millimeter against this. Where am I? Which of these do I do? Which don't I do? A person's conscience does not deceive him. But the nafs: "Say I have them all, say I have", and it's done.
If a person examines himself, he will in conscience also see what he lacks. If he also makes his intellect the judge — if a person weighs conscience, nafs and intellect upon himself, comparing on his own, he sees very well where he stands. Yes.
If all these traits are found together in one person, these are people who, in return for Paradise, have made a trade with Allah. And these are the ones to be given glad tidings. It is not the ones who, being Muslim, did a few of these and failed to carry out a few — those Muslims. Well, won't Muslims enter Paradise? These are not believers. Believers... they are Muslims, of course. If their good deeds outweigh their sins, they too will enter Paradise. If their sins exceed their good deeds, they too will, for as long as their punishment, stay in Hell. When the nafs becomes at peace, they — Paradise — they will not stay in Hell forever.
They will enter Paradise. Those who remain in Hell forever: those who compromise on the religion of Islam and pass to the Hereafter as non-Muslims — all of them are of eternal Hell. There are people who fulfill one or two of these listed traits. As for the others, they don't care. Among what they neglect, the acts of worship they don't do — since the whims of the nafs in the human nafs and the masiva in it, that is, evils, are not reformed, the nafs cannot attain perfection. And one whose nafs cannot attain perfection — in the trade with Allah Almighty, and of its reward, Paradise, he cannot receive the glad tidings.
Those given glad tidings while in the world — these are like this. Of course, this the person and, best of all, Allah knows, his Lord knows. A person deceives himself: "I have all of them. I have all of them. I am destined for Paradise" — never fall into such a whim. Try to do these as much as you can. You take the measures, leave the destiny to Allah. So people bound by the kinds of worship listed above, from the masiva in their nafs, are automatically freed. This person's nafs attains perfection. A person whose nafs attains perfection is a believer. And those given glad tidings of Paradise are the believers.
We explained who the believers are in our previous lesson. We see no need to explain it again here. That is, to put it briefly: those who have risen to the nafs al-mutmainna and become aware of its manifestations, who have no turning back — in Surah Al-Fajr, between verses 27 and 33, the verses our Lord has decreed, the people who correspond to them — these people. By which acts of worship the human nafs attains perfection — like a key opening its lock, or like the codes of a combination lock coming side by side to open that lock, Allah Almighty has set side by side the traits that will bring the human nafs to perfection, in a row. When people are bound by all these traits together, that they will attain the attribute of believer, and since from a believer there is no falling back into nafs al-ammara or abandoning Islam, that during their lives, with these traits, according to this verse, they have attained the state of being given glad tidings of Paradise, they hope.
These people. Yes.
If we speak a little about these traits of these people: those who worship — Allah and His Messenger's commands, the Islamic creed and Islamic sharia rulings they brought, strictly observing, those who offer praise and glorification. Yes. In plenty and in want these cling to the means, take measures, and the destiny to Allah they leave. Accepting what comes from Allah, they don't complain of their state. In every case they are content with Allah, pleased with Him. They know that as long as they live, Allah guarantees their sustenance. So these are constantly in praise, glorification and thanks to Allah Almighty.
Those who fast. Fasting, a form of struggle against the masiva in the human nafs, is an act of worship. Giving their nafs what it desires as far as it needs, knowing that more would harm the nafs, they break its wishes and desires for Allah. They guard Allah's sharia rulings and limits over themselves, and besides the obligatory Ramadan fast, to reform their nafs, they hold to the sunnah and fast. Working to reform their nafs, freeing themselves from masiva, they strive to earn Allah's pleasure. Those who bow and prostrate: these are those who Allah's, upon people, five daily prayers never abandon. When they perform this prayer, they prepare for the next one.
The Prophet (peace be upon him), while touring Paradise on the Mi'raj, sees great palaces and asks the one in charge beside him. "Whose prophets' palaces are these?" he says. The one in charge beside him (?). "These palaces are not the palaces of prophets. O Messenger of Allah, these are the palaces of three classes of believing people from your ummah. First: those who, when they've prayed one prayer, prepare for the next prayer. Second: those who, summer and winter, heat or cold, take ablution and constantly go about in a state of ablution. Third: those who, regardless of heat or cold, give up their night's sleep and comfort and perform the night prayer," he answered.
So the merit of prayer, if people can grasp it, is this great. For this reason, prayer is the pillar of the religion. A person without prayer cannot easily reach anywhere. Because prayer is the Mi'raj of Muslims who come into Allah's presence. As long as people pray, they pray knowing they are in Allah's presence. And when, in the time between two prayers, they behave in ways worthy of prayer, they are cleansed of the masiva in their hearts. Those who enjoin good and forbid evil: Allah Almighty in His verse commands emr-i bil maruf. According to this verse, they are people who reconcile between people, who prevent the evils they would do, who stand against those who would stir up strife among the young, who constantly obtain good for people, who are bound by Allah's verses.
And those who guard the limits of Allah: who call lawful what Allah made lawful, and unlawful what He made unlawful; who beware of the commands and prohibitions Allah made known in His sharia ruling; who, guarding themselves from sins, upon what Allah made lawful, adorned with taqwa, seek Allah's pleasure. So these people, when they reform their nafs in all these traits together, are people who make others say, "(?), that is a human being." These are believers. That they will attain the state of being given glad tidings of Paradise, they hope. Yes. May Allah Almighty join us all to the company of such people.
May He grant us — using our will, strengthening it, on our Lord's path, paying no heed to Satan's whispering and the whims of the nafs, straight upon the straight path until our last breath, worshipping our Lord — to pass to the Hereafter, and in the world of the Hereafter, our Lord to welcome us with a smiling face; may He grant it and make it easy.