An-Nisa 11: Concerning your children, Allah commands you that the male receives the equivalent of the share of two females. If there are more than two females, two thirds of what the deceased has left behind is theirs. If it is only one female, half of the inheritance is hers. If the deceased has a child, the father and mother each have a share of one sixth. If (the deceased) has no child and the father and mother are the heirs, the mother has a share of one third. If the deceased has siblings, the mother has a share of one sixth. (All these shares) are after the fulfillment of the will and after debts. You cannot know which of your fathers or your sons is closer to you in benefit. These are obligations set by Allah. Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing (Aleem) and All-Wise (Hakeem).

Allah commands you concerning your children to give the male inheritance twice the share of the female. He commands.

Two shares for men, one share for women. Didn't Allah discriminate, they say. Allah is just; He does not discriminate. Allah protects the father's property for the men; when anything happens to those women, she goes back again to her father's property and again lives her life under their protection. Plus the woman receives a mahr, plus many gifts remain to her from her husband. There are women who have outdone their brothers many times over. In that case He does not say of what remains from the woman's husband that her brother has a right too. Yes, because women need protection, they leave part of their rights with their brothers.

But, but if those brothers, those brothers are brothers who know what is right; there are some who do not give even a penny. Plus they use violence. While his sister is in need of this one and that one, he himself eats and drinks in pleasure on the father's property.

If these are not tyrants, what are they? Do not show us such people as an example. We are telling Allah's verses. Yes.

If the children are women, more than two, two thirds of what the deceased left is theirs. What was it?

If the children are women, more than two, of what the deceased left, two thirds is theirs. If there is only one woman, half is hers, He says. If the deceased has many children, each of his parents has a sixth share of the inheritance. If he has no child and his parents are his heirs, his mother gets a third. If the deceased has brothers, his mother gets a sixth. All these shares come after the bequest the deceased makes and after debt. After the bequest: he bequeaths from his property, and then it is what remains after debt. Your fathers and your sons, which of them is closer to you in benefit, you do not know.

These are obligations, shares set by Allah. Surely Allah is All-Knowing and All-Wise, He says.

Yes.

We said that in this verse Allah Almighty declares how the inheritance is to be shared. If someone dies and leaves property or money behind, after his bequest and his debt, if he has a debt, his debt will be paid, and he also makes a bequest. For example he says, I (?) you, I will do you a favour; what will you do, he asks; and the other says, wait and see, I have a surprise for you; but before he can fulfil that promise to him, when death comes to the person: I had such a promise to this person, I had not yet told him. Give this part of my property to him, he will say.

Yes. A gift. His heirs will write this down. So, after the bequest he makes and his debt, this person's property or money is shared among his relatives. His property or money. Now how is it shared? We are now explaining this one by one. If the deceased has one son and two daughters, one son and two daughters, that makes four shares. The boy two, the girls two, makes four shares. Half is the daughters', half is that son's. What do we say? If the deceased has one son and two daughters, the inheritance is divided into four; two go to the male, and two, one share each, go to the daughters. That is, half is the daughters', half is the son's.

Or if he has two sons and one daughter, the inheritance is divided into five. You know, two plus two is four for the boys, and one for the girl, it is divided into five. Of five parts the sons take two shares each, the woman takes one share. The two brothers take four shares, two each, and their sister takes one share. If he has two sons and three daughters, this time the property is divided into seven. The men four, two each, three for the girls: seven. The men take four shares, two each, and the girls, those three girls, take three shares, one each. If he has two sons and three daughters, the inheritance is divided into seven.

The brothers take four shares, two each; the sisters take three shares, one each. If the deceased has two daughters or more daughters, now (?) changes here. If the deceased has two daughters or more daughters and no male children, two thirds of the inheritance goes to these daughters. As the father's right. Because Allah Almighty gave those children's sustenance to the father too. This time He leaves two thirds to the daughters. Or more, He says. Two thirds to the daughters. The other share of these daughters goes to the father, or if not, to relatives such as their uncles it is distributed.

A relative. For example, the father died. The mother is not there either. To his paternal uncle or his maternal uncle. Elhamdülillah. Yerhamükallah ve yehdîkümullah.

It belongs to the relatives. If there are no father and uncles, no relatives, the other shares also belong to these daughters. If there are no closer relatives, the father, the uncle, or inheritance from the mother, and the father is gone too. The father died, died earlier. There are no paternal uncles. No maternal uncles. What does He do this time? The whole inheritance remains to these daughters.

So that the verse is understood well, we are explaining these points in some detail.

If the deceased has three daughters and also a father; three daughters, and a father as well; if there is, since the father will have a sixth of the inheritance, the father; to whom did this inheritance remain? It remained to the daughters from the mother's side. This time these daughters; look, the deceased has three daughters and also a father; if the deceased has three daughters, who is this? It is the mother. Yes. Since the father will have a sixth of the inheritance and the daughters each have one share, six plus three, a total of nine shares it makes. Yes.

When the daughters have shares like this, nine shares: the property is divided into nine shares. Two shares each to the daughters, the father takes the other.

This time the daughters take two shares each. If the deceased has one daughter, half the inheritance is given to this daughter. The other half is given to the deceased's father or brothers. For example, let us say my (?) died. She has a daughter. She has a daughter. Property was left from her. What does He say about that property? If the deceased has one daughter, half the inheritance is given to this daughter, and the other half to the deceased's father, to me. I take half of it. If there is no father, then it is given to the brothers. To the brothers, that is, the father's brothers. If these relatives are not there, if these relatives are not there, the remaining inheritance again goes to this daughter. She has no father and no siblings.

She has no relatives; in general this share is given to the daughters; two shares are given to the daughter, one share each to the mother and father; let us read from above: this is given to the daughters; if a deceased person has a daughter and a daughter, and a mother and father; a deceased person, what does He say now; if a deceased person has a daughter and a mother and father. Let us say the girl's uncle made a gift. The girl has a mother and a father too. Yes. The inheritance is divided into six. Two shares are given to the daughter. One share each to the mother and father. The father takes the remainder as well, He says.

If the deceased has no children and his children have no children, and only his mother and father are his heirs, the deceased's mother gets a third of the inheritance, the other two thirds belong to the father. Yes, if the deceased has more than one sibling, if the deceased has more than one sibling, whether they are siblings of the same father and mother, or of the same mother and different fathers, or the same father and different mothers, and if they are heirs of the deceased, the deceased's mother gets a sixth, the rest is given to his father. If he has no father, it is given to the siblings.

This division of these shares in this way, after the deceased's debt and bequest, is carried out.

Which of your fathers or sons is closer to you in benefit, you do not know, says Allah Almighty. There is a subtlety here. And the subtlety here: does it always go back to that covenant of Alastu bi Rabbikum?

Yes.

It always goes back to Alastu bi Rabbikum. To that place of the covenant. Allah, who made that covenant, according to those people's feelings, according to their wishes and desires, how to deal justly among them, and among these deceased, which of them has more property, which will have no property, which will have, which wanted what in which feeling; because Allah Almighty knows this, He has made His law accordingly. So you do not know, Allah knows, He says. His works are full of wisdom, He says. The subtlety here goes right back to Alastu bi Rabbikum.

What does He say? Which of your fathers or sons is more beneficial to you, you do not know. Allah, who created the universe, created people too so that His Essence be known; when He made the covenant with them in the realm of lahut, Allah, who knows all the states of the souls, who wrote for them as destiny their deeds according to their desires, alone knows what His servants who will come until the Day of Judgment will do; we cannot know. So in this case, so that people are not wronged, our Lord gave them characters in proportion to their feelings and made it known to us this way in His law.

For this reason Allah, who knows the unseen, addressing us: only I know the unseen, He says. Always, Allah Almighty will know. Because there is not a single living being to come until the Day of Judgment whose deeds we would not know, He says. From where? Again, at that covenant of Alastu bi Rabbikum, the people who made the covenant with Allah Almighty; according to Surah Al-A'raf, verse 172, Allah Almighty, who made the covenant, who gave them as destiny the (?) of their wishes and desires, who placed characters according to the wishes and desires of their destinies; Allah Almighty, who gave those characters, of course (?) what they will do as well.

Which of your fathers and your children is closer to you?

That too I know, He says. The child who seems harsh to you is more (?) than the one who seems close to you. Even better. Closer. Since you cannot know these things, among your children, following your nafs, (?), sir, what does He say? Do not fall into sin by wronging your (?), depriving them of the inheritance, He says. Allah Almighty. This son of mine is closer to me. Sir, no, this one is more like this, he is good; never say that, He says; do not discriminate between your children. You cannot know which is better for you, He says. Allah Almighty, who guides us with His verses, so that people do not fall into error and become sinners in Allah's sight, His verses He clearly declares to us.

Yes.

Allah Almighty's laws, with the verses, as far as we can, to you we are trying to explain from the point of view of fiqh, God willing.

We tell you Allah's laws, His sharia rulings, with examples.

But since deeds depend on intention, even if we did bad things in a work we did sincerely, since Allah is aware of our states in these deeds we did unknowingly, we still receive a reward. These divisions are obligations and shares set by Allah. Since people are created deficient in mind, if they hold on to Allah Almighty's verses and judge by them, they will prosper. Yes. Whoever judges by Allah's verses and divides according to Allah's verses, no child, no relative, no one close to a relative will curse the deceased person. But if that person goes outside Allah's verses, acts unjustly and discriminates between his children, then among those children the father is cursed. May Allah protect us.

Yes.

Surely Allah's knowledge, and Allah is All-Knowing and All-Wise; what does Allah Almighty say? Surely Allah Almighty is All-Knowing and All-Wise. Now, we said that with knowledge, wisdom is essential. Yes, when you say, I know this, if you cannot sense the wisdom in it, you are left with a dry head. With a dry head. You know, if you say, I know Arabic, its translation is this, you are left with a dry head. But if you understand that the verse is full of wisdom, that is, my Lord to me in this verse, which way is He showing, and what does He want to tell me? What does He want to explain to me? If you can sense this, this is wisdom.

This is wisdom. Some events being made known to the heart by inspiration: that is inspiration.

Some truths being made known, (?) within events. You know, if you cannot be aware of these, it is not possible to explain the verses. In that case, pay attention, what we say always confirms the verses. They always support one another. Because which verse shows which way, in the wisdom our Lord gave us we see that.

Surely Allah's knowledge and, Allah is All-Knowing and All-Wise. Allah, who exists by His Essence, who created the universe, the heavens and the earth and what is between them with knowledge, is All-Knowing. He is the One who (?) everything from the atom, who creates them, directs them, and knows their states. He is All-Wise: what He created His creatures for, what He intended in creating them, and for what duty He created them, Allah knows this. As far as He has made it known, people know it too. These created things, being 17 thousand realms, in one narration 18 thousand realms, just as the gears of a clock complete one another, (?) has completed.

The world (?) itself, cleanses itself. By realm is meant, for example, man is a realm, the wolf is a realm, the cat is a realm, the ant is a realm; since created beings like these are each a realm, the forms produced from their families are excluded. So what He intended in creating these, why He created them, the knowledge of this is with Allah. He also brings about some events. These events seem to be against us, yet they are for us, or seem to be for us and are against us. The secret and wisdom of this too (?) Allah.

But Allah Almighty created these realms within a program. By showing small parts of these programs to those He loves, those He loves partly attain some of Allah's wisdom. He shows a program from the future. That saintly person says, at such a time such a state will appear. A time will come when this will be like this, he says.

That becomes the miracle of that saint. What things we have said, and all of them are coming true. Is there anyone who will say otherwise? No. Not one, not three, not five. What things we have said about the future, and all of them are coming true. There are more things we have said; they too will come true, God willing. That will be after my death. Then you will understand.

Those who give news of these things have shown a miracle too. Allah Almighty is All-Knowing and All-Wise. He teaches people of His knowledge and wisdom as much as He wills. Through this, among people, to all those of sound mind, He has His existence proved. Through whom? Through these people He has taught, to whom He has given His knowledge, Allah Almighty has His Essence, His existence, proved through these people. And He keeps His religion standing by having it cleansed of the superstitions that will enter it until the Day of Judgment.